Myanmar is the second largest country in Southeast Asia with a total land area of 676,578 square kilometres with fertile tropical deltas in the south and a rugged landscape in the Himalayan foothills of the north. It shares borders with 40% of the world’s population - to the north and northeast with the People’s Republic of China, to the east and southeast with Lao People’s Democratic Republic (Lao PDR) and Thailand, and to the west and northwest with Bangladesh and India.  Myanmar’s 2,800 kilometre coastline provides access to sea routes and deep-sea ports. The economy is dominated by agriculture and farming, forestry and fishing-related activities account for about 21% of gross domestic product (GDP) in 2024. Myanmar is also one of the world's most diverse countries, with a rich history and a wealth of cultural and religious traditions, and as many as 135 different ethnic groups. While the country’s population density is among the lowest in South East Asia, this masks a wide variation with two-thirds of the population living in rural areas and the larger urban populations concentrated in Yangon and Mandalay. 

Since 2021, Myanmar is grappling with an unprecedented "polycrisis", characterised by political instability, the far-reaching impacts of the COVID-19 pandemic, entrenched conflict, economic disruptions, severe human rights violations, and worsening environmental degradation (UNDP, 2025). In 2025, estimated 19.9 million people require humanitarian assistance; this includes 6.3 million children and 7.1 million women. Myanmar ranked as the second most conflict-ridden country globally in the first half of 2024. It also ranked as the fourth most dangerous country for civilians, with 43 per cent of the population exposed to conflict. (UNOCHA, 2024) Internal displacement has reached unprecedented levels. As of 14 July 2025, UNHCR estimates over 3.2 million people displaced nationwide since Feb 2021, with significant concentrations in the Sagaing Region (UNHCR, Jul 2025).

Administratively, Myanmar is divided into seven states, seven regions and one union territory (Nay Pyi Taw). The states - Chin, Kachin, Kayah, Kayin, Mon, Rakhine, and Shan - cover mainly the upland areas and are largely populated by national races/ethnic communities. The regions - Ayeyarwady, Bago, Magway, Mandalay, Sagaing, Tanintharyi, and Yangon - are situated mainly on the plains with a population of predominantly Bamar origin.

This page contains countrywide resources. Additional resources for specific States/Regions or Special Interest Regions such as the South East and Dry Zone can be found through the Search by Location sections on the Home page.